In this paper, acoustic emission (AE) test was used to assess concrete beams having a size of 100mm x 100mm x 400mm length with water-cement ratio of 0.50. Two types of beam were considered, plain concrete beams and short steel fiber-reinforced beams. There were three parameters used in acoustic emission test: AE hits, AE location, and AE energy.The total AE hits were divided into three percentile of AE energy all throughout the test. These are 100th, 25th, and 10th percentile of AE energy. This was done to differentiate significant AE signals with large AE energy from the less significant AE signals with small energy. It was found out that short steel fiber-reinforced concrete beams produced large number of total AE hits compared to ordinary concrete beams. The crack progression was clearly visualized at 10th percentile of AE energy.

"Acoustic Neuronoma" is a benign neoplasm situated in a critical place, so that one can say its behaviour looks like malignant tissues. Three frequent clinical symptoms are associated with tumor with different sensitivity and priority, including vertigo and imbalance, tinnitus and hearing loss. Presence of one or all of these symptoms does not make the definite diagnosis and differential diagnosis possible with clinical and audiologic examinations, rather one should use more sophisticated methods for judgment about the origins of symptoms.In this article a case of 8th cranial nerve lesion is reported that was detected by ABR and MRI confirmed the diagnosis of acoustic tumor. Also, two cases of cochlear hearing loss with clinical and audiological similarity and different ABRs with the presented case will be described.The comparison will show the role of ABR as a low cost and high sensitivity test in differential diagnosis of 8th cranial never, conchlear and other peripheral lesions.

Composite applications are very wide in most industrial fields. Today, polymer matrix composites are used in the automotive industry, aerospace, oil, gas and petrochemical Industries and etc. Glass / epoxy composite is one of the most useful composites that has special properties such as high strength-to-weight ratio, high hardness, high corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion, resistance to nuclear radiation and absorption of energy. Composite beams may be used as flexural elements. In flexural loading, the crack initiation and failure can occur in a variety of modes that each ones has special frequencies. In this research, acoustic emission method was used to evaluate and check the different failure mechanisms of glass epoxy composite beam under three point bending loading. In order to determine different failure mechanisms, wavelet transform analysis was used for acoustic signal processing by using only one sensor. Three types of dominant failure mechanisms (matrix fracture, debonding and fiber breakage) in composite beam under bending were identified and the frequency ranges corresponding to these failure mechanisms were determined. Wavelet transform results showed that these three types of dominant failure mechanisms (matrix fracture, debonding and fiber breakage) have frequency ranges of 0-125 KHz, 125-250 KHz and 375-500 KHz respectively. Finally, the observations of scanning electron microscope from fracture surface of specimen validated the obtained results. This research showed the possibility of acoustic emission technique as a monitoring tool of glass/epoxy composite beam in flexural failure.

in this paper, design, implementation and test of 24 bit acoustic DAQ subsystem for bio-capsule of Pajohesh explorer is presented. the proposed structure has been used B&K 4942 microphone as input sensing element. the proposed DAQ, has 48Ksps speed, 24 bit resolution, 113dB dynamic range and 23 KHz BW. we used a ARM Cortex M3 for signal handling and processing. the acquiescing data have been sending to Bio- capsule FC and also recorded in a Micro-SD card. power consumption of the proposed DAQ is obtained 2.8W. the proposed DAQ take a place with dimentions of 40*40*100 mm3 inside of bio-capsule stand.

Producion of efficient antimicrobial drugs against to common human pathogens is one of the most important challenges in the field of medical microbiology. Continuous screening of clinical isolates and survey of antimicrobial resistance pattern is critical.Today, disk diffusion and dilution methods are known as the common antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. Disk diffusion method does not render dependable results in determination of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern because this method is semi quantitative. MIC determination by microdilution and macrodilution techniques and recent method “E-Test”, have given interpretable results to researchers. Microdilution and macrodilution methods are also time consuming, expensive and error- prone methods. Whereas E-Test method is one of the means by which we will be able to determine susceptibility pattern of known species in low cost and short time. In this survey, constructing and printing of E-Test, coating of antibiotic on O.H.P film and quality control of constructed E-Tests were performed according to M7 A7 CLSI Standard. In this study quality of required materials for E-Test Production were suitable. Evaluation of constructed strips was performed using standard strain of staphylococcus aureus and reproducibly of results was appreciated.

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease due to contact with different substances and caused by two mechanisms: allergy and irritation. Contact dermatitis is a common skin disease and the most common occupational dermatosis. Differentiating between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis is essential in the identification of etiologic factor(s) and hence, its control and prognosis. This differentiation can be done only by patch test. Unfortunately, this simple, safe and useful test is always neglected. We review the basics of patch test, the method of performance, reading and interpretation of its results, possible side effects and results of studies done with patch test in different countries.

SummaryOne of the geomechanical parameters that is very important in the design and analysis of various rock engineering projects is the in situ stress state of the rock mass. In this research, acoustic emission signal processing has been used to determine the Kaiser effect point of the experimental data on Phyllite rock by discrete wavelet transform method. IntroductionThere are different methods to determine in situ stress. In this regard, direct measurement methods are the best and most accurate in situ stress measurement methods. However, these methods are very time-consuming and costly. Therefore, nowadays laboratory and indirect rock core-based methods for estimating in situ stress have been taken into consideration. One of the laboratory methods is the acoustic emission method based on Kaiser effect. In this method, determining the Kaiser effect point is usually done by the parameters of acoustic emission signals, which in some cases, determining the Kaiser effect point by parametric method are ambiguous and do not have sufficient clarity. Signal processing based on wavelet transform is a powerful tool to process acoustic emission signals, which has been used in several papers. Methodology and ApproachesIn this study some Phyllite samples were used to be loaded under indirect tensile loading (Brazilian test). The acoustic emission test consisted of two cycles. In the first cycle, the samples were preloaded to a predetermined level, and in the second cycle, they were reloaded until reaching the failure. Before using the discrete wavelet transform, the appropriate mother wavelet was selected. Then, the signals obtained from the acoustic emission test were processed using wavelet transform. The maximum approximation coefficient parameter was used as a suitable feature for the analysis. Using K-means method, the obtained data are clustered in five clusters. Then, the highest density of data in the fifth cluster was considered as the occurrence point of the Kaiser effect. Results and ConclusionsThe results show that according to the parameters of correlation coefficient and noise to signal ratio and the type of acoustic signals the mother wave db6 was suitable for analysis. Among the parameters that can be used for analysis, the maximum approximation coefficient parameter is also selected as a suitable feature for analysis. Also, the results of the discrete wavelet transform method were in good agreement with the results of the parametric method, so that the occurrence times of the Kaiser effect obtained from the two methods are mutually acceptable.

Acoustic neuromas (AN) are schwann cell-derived tumors that commonly arise from the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve also known as vestibular schwannoma (VS) causes unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo and unsteadiness. In many cases, the tumor size may remain unchanged for many years following diagnosis, which is typically made by MRI. In the majority of cases the tumor is small, leaving the clinician and patient with the options of either serial scanning or active treatment by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) or microneurosurgery. Despite the vast number of published treatment reports, comparative studies are few. The predominant clinical endpoints of AN treatment include tumor control, facial nerve function and hearing preservation. Less focus has been put on symptom relief and health-related quality of life (QOL) . It is uncertain if treating a small tumor leaves the patient with a better chance of obtaining relief from future hearing loss, vertigo or tinnitus than by observing it without treatment. In this paper we review the literature for the natural course, the treatment alternatives and the results of AN. Finally, we present our experience with a management strategy applied for more than 30 years.

Due to industrial advances and the application of more dynamic loads, it is necessary to pay more attention to the fatigue issue. Among non-destructive methods, the acoustic emission method has become a standard and reliable method in recent years. With the aim of online structural monitoring of the aircraft propeller that undergoes cracks in the hub part, this article investigates and determines the characteristics of acoustic emission in the growth of aluminum 2025 fatigue crack. Referable research on the loading frequency considered in this research has not been conducted for this alloy. In this project, the characteristics of acoustic emission in the fatigue crack growth of aluminum alloy 2025 for online structural monitoring have been investigated and determined. Acoustic emission tests have been performed in two parts: bending fatigue test with the aim of initiation of fatigue cracks in aluminum alloy 2025 specimens and following tensile tests with the aim of growth of fatigue cracks. According to the received acoustic emission information, various diagrams are plotted. Analyzing the results from online acoustic emission monitoring showed, the acoustic emission method can be considered as a suitable and reliable technique for detecting crack initiation and crack growth in aluminum alloy 2025.

The present study investigated varieties of C-test as measures of General Language proficiency (GLP). C-test was first introduced into language testing as a modification of close procedure. The original C-test was developed by mutilating the second half of every other word, beginning from word two ID sentence two of [l passage. Through various studies, C-test proved an integrative and a highly reliable and valid measure of (GLP. The present study was also aimed at further confirming those findings by investigating not only the original C-test but other varietis of C-test. To this end ten C-test versions were developed, by applying different deletion techniques and deletion rates, and were administered among nearly 500 senior EFL students, in the way that each form was given to almost 50 subjects. All the subjects had already taken a TOEFL. and a close test prior to the administration of the C-tests. The results of data analyses showed that C:-test may measure different things one of which might be general language proficiency and as such, not all varieties of C-test measure this construct to the same extent.